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Echographic and ophthalmodynamometric study in the empty sella syndrome
G Cennamo1, N Rosa, L De Palma
1Eye Department, II University Hospital, University of Naples, Italy.
Summary
Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS) can stem from vascular issues or high intracranial pressure, impacting optic nerve thickness and retinal artery pressure in patients with visual defects.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neurology
- Vascular Medicine
Background:
- Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS) is a condition affecting the pituitary gland.
- Patients with ESS may experience visual field defects or vision loss.
- The underlying causes of ESS-related visual impairments require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the pathogeneses of visual field defects in patients with Empty Sella Syndrome.
- To correlate optic nerve thickness and central retinal artery pressure with ESS.
- To differentiate between vascular and hypertensive causes of visual impairment in ESS.
Main Methods:
- Standardized echography was used to measure optic nerve thickness.
- Ophthalmodynamometric examination, with and without carotid compression, assessed central retinal artery pressure.
- A cohort of patients diagnosed with Empty Sella Syndrome and visual field defects was studied.
Main Results:
- Optic nerve thickness was evaluated using standardized echography.
- Central retinal artery pressure was measured via ophthalmodynamometry.
- Two distinct pathogeneses were identified: vascular defects and irregular endocranial hypertension.
Conclusions:
- Empty Sella Syndrome presents with varied underlying causes for visual disturbances.
- Vascular defects and elevated intracranial pressure are identified as key pathogeneses.
- These findings aid in understanding and potentially managing visual complications in ESS.