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Trisomy 22 in a calf

J S Agerholm1, K Christensen

  • 1Department of Pathology and Epidemiology, National Veterinary Laboratory, Copenhagen V, Denmark.

Zentralblatt Fur Veterinarmedizin. Reihe A
|October 1, 1993
PubMed
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This study describes a rare case of trisomy 22 in a newborn calf, an anomaly previously reported only once. Chromosome analysis confirmed an extra chromosome 22, leading to multiple congenital defects.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Genetics
  • Comparative Cytogenetics
  • Animal Reproduction

Background:

  • Trisomy, the presence of an extra chromosome, is a known cause of developmental abnormalities in various species.
  • Karyotypic abnormalities in cattle can lead to significant health issues and economic losses in livestock.
  • Previous documentation of trisomy 22 in cattle is extremely limited, making new cases valuable for study.

Observation:

  • A newborn calf presented with multiple congenital defects including brachygnathia superior (underbite), nasal septum and conchae malformations, and an interventricular septal defect.
  • Chromosome analysis of cultured blood lymphocytes revealed a karyotype with 61 chromosomes.
  • R-banding techniques identified the extra chromosome as a chromosome 22.

Findings:

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  • The calf exhibited trisomy 22, characterized by an additional copy of chromosome 22.
  • The specific chromosomal abnormality was confirmed through detailed R-banding analysis.
  • This case represents a rare occurrence of trisomy 22 in bovine species.
  • Implications:

    • This case contributes to the limited understanding of trisomy 22 in cattle, providing valuable data for genetic research.
    • Identifying chromosomal abnormalities like trisomy 22 is crucial for animal breeding programs and genetic counseling in livestock.
    • Further research into the genetic mechanisms and phenotypic expressions of trisomy 22 in cattle may improve diagnostic and management strategies.