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Urticaria induced by caffeine

T Caballero1, C García-Ara, C Pascual

  • 1Department of Pediatric Allergy, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.

Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology
|May 1, 1993
PubMed
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Caffeine allergy is rare, but a 10-year-old experienced urticaria after consuming coffee and cola. Allergy testing confirmed a positive reaction to caffeine but not theophylline.

Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Pediatric Allergy
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Allergic reactions to caffeine are infrequently documented in medical literature.
  • Caffeine, a common methylxanthine stimulant, is found in various beverages and foods.
  • Urticaria is a common allergic skin manifestation.

Observation:

  • A 10-year-old child presented with urticaria (hives) following consumption of coffee and cola beverages.
  • The patient's symptoms were directly linked to the intake of caffeine-containing products.
  • Diagnostic investigations were performed to identify the causative agent.

Findings:

  • Skin prick testing with caffeine yielded a positive result, indicating sensitization.
  • An oral challenge test with caffeine confirmed the allergic reaction.

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  • A subsequent oral challenge test with theophylline, a structurally related methylxanthine, was negative, suggesting specific caffeine sensitivity.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights caffeine as a potential allergen, particularly in pediatric populations.
    • The findings underscore the importance of considering caffeine in the differential diagnosis of unexplained urticaria.
    • Further research may be warranted to understand the mechanisms of caffeine allergy and its prevalence.