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Related Experiment Videos

Persistent peripheral vasodilation and sympathetic activity in hypotension after maximal exercise

M Piepoli1, A J Coats, S Adamopoulos

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|October 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

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Maximal exercise causes prolonged hypotension due to peripheral vasodilation. This is despite increased renin activity, with persistent sympathetic activity and reduced vagal tone likely being reflex responses.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Function

Background:

  • Post-exercise hypotension is a common physiological response.
  • The underlying mechanisms involving hemodynamics, autonomic control, and hormonal factors require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hemodynamic, autonomic, and hormonal responses during hypotension following maximal exercise.
  • To understand the interplay between peripheral vasodilation, sympathetic activity, and renin-angiotensin system activation.

Main Methods:

  • 10 healthy subjects underwent maximal upright bicycle exercise or a non-exercise control session.
  • Hemodynamics (aortic Doppler), autonomic function (heart rate and blood pressure variability, baroreceptor sensitivity), and plasma renin activity were measured.

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  • Measurements were taken during rest and for 60 minutes following the intervention.

    • Main Results:

    • Post-exercise, diastolic pressure decreased for 60 minutes, cardiac output increased (+33.8%), and systemic vascular resistance fell (-28.6%).
    • Vagal activity was reduced, sympathetic activity was elevated, and baroreflex sensitivity decreased for 10 minutes post-exercise.
    • Plasma renin activity increased threefold after exercise.

    Conclusions:

    • Post-exercise hypotension is driven by sustained peripheral vasodilation.
    • Persistent sympathetic activity and reduced vagal tone appear to be reflex adaptations to this vasodilation.
    • Increased renin activity does not counteract the vasodilatory effects in the immediate post-exercise period.