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[13C-urea breath test]

J Yoshida1, M Asaka

  • 1Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|December 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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The 13C-urea breath test offers a practical, non-invasive method for detecting H. pylori infection. This test effectively evaluates H. pylori eradication after antibiotic treatment, proving highly useful for gastric mucosa diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiology
  • Diagnostic Medicine

Background:

  • Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a significant cause of gastric and duodenal ulcers.
  • Traditional diagnostic methods like endoscopy and serology have limitations, including invasiveness and potential for sampling errors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and utility of the 13C-urea breath test for H. pylori detection.
  • To compare the 13C-urea breath test with serological methods (ELISA) for H. pylori diagnosis and eradication assessment.

Main Methods:

  • The 13C-urea breath test was performed on asymptomatic volunteers and patients with ulcers.
  • Sensitivity and specificity were compared against H. pylori antibody measurement via ELISA.
  • The test's efficacy in evaluating H. pylori eradication post-antibiotic therapy was assessed.

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Main Results:

  • The 13C-urea breath test demonstrated positive rates consistent with H. pylori antibody tests.
  • No correlation was found between antibody titers and urease activities across the methods.
  • The 13C-urea breath test proved superior to serological and pathological methods for assessing H. pylori eradication.

Conclusions:

  • The 13C-urea breath test is a practical and readily available tool for diagnosing H. pylori infection.
  • It accurately detects H. pylori colonization and is highly effective for monitoring eradication therapy.
  • The test assesses the entire gastric mucosa, avoiding sampling errors inherent in other methods.