Anesthesia considerations for pediatric cancer

The multidisciplinary approach to the care of children with cancer demands an understanding of all aspects of its treatment. Recognition of potential anatomic and physiologic derangements which may result from specific types of malignancy allows optimal preoperative preparation. Understanding the anesthetic implications of cancer chemotherapy, irradiation and surgery, and the medical complications which result, is essential. The anesthesiologist is involved in critical perioperative issues during surgical resection in the operating room, but just as importantly plays a crucial role in a variety of procedures performed in remote locations. An awareness of special problems related to cancer and its treatment allows optimal anesthesia care while dealing with such issues as radical surgery, organ system failure, acute and chronic pain, and terminal illness.