Aneurysmal bone cyst of the mandible

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Pathology
• Oncology

Background:

• Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are benign, expansile bone lesions.
• They rarely occur in the craniofacial region, more commonly affecting long bones and the spine.
• Diagnosis relies on characteristic radiographic and definitive pathological findings.

Observation:

• The reported case involves a large mandibular aneurysmal bone cyst in a young male.
• This highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of ABCs in the craniofacial area.
• The lesion disrupted bone architecture and destroyed surrounding tissue.

Findings:

• Complete surgical excision (curettage or composite resection) is the standard treatment for ABCs.
• Incomplete excision is associated with a high risk of recurrence.
• Adjunctive cryotherapy can reduce recurrence rates; radiotherapy is reserved for nonresectable cases.

Implications:

• Accurate diagnosis and complete surgical excision are crucial for successful ABC treatment.
• Understanding recurrence patterns informs therapeutic strategies, including adjuvant therapies.
• This case underscores the complexity of managing craniofacial aneurysmal bone cysts.