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Changes in cochlear oxygenation, microcirculation and auditory function during prolonged general hypoxia

H Haupt1, F Scheibe, C Ludwig

  • 1HNO-Klinik des Universitätsklinikums Charité, Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany.

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
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Hypoxia significantly reduced inner ear oxygen levels and auditory function in guinea pigs. These changes, including altered cochlear blood flow, reversed upon reoxygenation, offering insights into hearing loss mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Oto-neuroscience
  • Physiology
  • Auditory Science

Background:

  • Hypoxia, or low oxygen levels, can negatively impact auditory function.
  • Understanding the cochlear response to hypoxia is crucial for studying hearing loss pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of prolonged hypoxia on cochlear microcirculation, oxygenation, and auditory function in guinea pigs.
  • To establish a guinea pig model for studying hypoxia-induced cochlear pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Anesthetized guinea pigs were subjected to 1 hour of hypoxic ventilation (8% oxygen).
  • Cochlear blood flow was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry.
  • Perilymphatic oxygen partial pressure (PO2) was recorded with microelectrodes.
  • Auditory function was assessed via cochlear microphonics and auditory evoked brainstem responses.

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  • Mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were monitored.

    • Main Results:

    • Perilymphatic PO2 decreased to approximately 70% of baseline levels during hypoxia.
    • Cochlear and brainstem potentials showed a reduction to 75-82% of initial values.
    • Cochlear blood flow exhibited variable responses, with both decreases and increases observed.
    • Mean arterial blood pressure significantly declined, while heart rate remained stable.
    • All measured parameters normalized upon reventilation with room air.

    Conclusions:

    • Prolonged hypoxia impairs inner ear oxygenation and auditory nerve function in guinea pigs.
    • The observed changes in cochlear blood flow highlight the complex vascular response to low oxygen.
    • This study provides a valuable animal model for investigating the mechanisms of hypoxia-related hearing impairment.