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Reasoning in explanation-based decision making

N Pennington1, R Hastie

  • 1Psychology Department, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309.

Cognition
|October 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Explanation-based decision making relies heavily on inference processes. This study demonstrates the systematic nature of reasoning in legal decision-making tasks using a framework of formal and informal inference forms.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Decision Science
  • Legal Reasoning

Background:

  • Decision-making models often overlook the intricate roles of inference.
  • Explanation-based decision-making (EBDM) offers a framework integrating explanation and inference.
  • Understanding the types of inferences is crucial for modeling decision processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline a general theory of explanation-based decision making.
  • To introduce a typology of inference forms (formal and informal) as a framework for EBDM.
  • To empirically demonstrate the role of reasoning in legal decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a general theory of explanation-based decision making.
  • Adaptation of Collins' (1978a, 1978b) typology of formal and informal inference.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of verbal reports from a legal decision-making task.

    • Main Results:

    • Inference processes play multiple, central roles within the EBDM theory.
    • Collins' typology provides a suitable framework for representing inferences in EBDM.
    • Reasoning was found to be systematic and central in the analyzed legal decision-making task.

    Conclusions:

    • Explanation-based decision making is a robust theoretical framework.
    • The systematic use of formal and informal inferences is integral to decision-making.
    • Empirical evidence supports the centrality of reasoning in complex tasks like legal judgment.