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[Decrease of fecal beta-galactosidase activity in Crohn disease]

V Canva-Delcambre1, V Soenen, C Mizon

  • 1Service des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif et de la Nutrition, Hôpital Huriez, CHRU Lille.

Gastroenterologie Clinique Et Biologique
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
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Fecal beta-galactosidase activity is significantly reduced in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), indicating altered gut bacteria metabolism. This enzymatic marker may help differentiate CD from other inflammatory conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Colonic mucus degradation by bacterial enzymes may contribute to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) lesions.
  • Drug bioavailability in IBD treatment depends on colonic bacterial flora metabolic activity.
  • Fecal enzymatic activities can indirectly assess colonic bacterial metabolic activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare fecal beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) activity in healthy controls, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and Crohn's disease (CD) patients.
  • To investigate the relationship between beta-gal activity and CD activity.

Main Methods:

  • Fecal beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) activity was measured in three groups: healthy volunteers (n=11), RA patients (n=20), and CD patients (n=34).
  • Activity was quantified by the hydrolysis of paranitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Enzymatic activity was expressed as units per gram of fecal proteins.

    • Main Results:

    • Fecal beta-gal activity was significantly decreased in CD patients (16 U/g) compared to RA patients (353 U/g) and controls (263 U/g).
    • No significant difference in beta-gal activity was observed between controls and RA patients.
    • Patients with active CD (CDAI > 150) exhibited significantly lower beta-gal activity than those with quiescent CD (CDAI < 150).

    Conclusions:

    • Fecal beta-galactosidase activity is markedly reduced in Crohn's disease patients.
    • This reduction suggests altered colonic bacterial metabolism in CD.
    • Beta-gal activity may serve as a potential biomarker for differentiating CD and assessing disease activity.