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The optimal training load for the development of dynamic athletic performance

G J Wilson1, R U Newton, A J Murphy

  • 1Centre For Human Movement Science and Sport Management, University of New England-Northern Rivers, Nsw Australia.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Explosive weight training, optimizing for maximum mechanical power, significantly enhanced dynamic athletic performance more than traditional weight or plyometric training. This approach yielded superior results in jumping and leg extension tests.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Optimizing resistance training is crucial for athletic performance.
  • Different modalities like traditional weight training, plyometrics, and explosive training offer varied stimuli.
  • Identifying the most effective training load for power development is key.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare three resistance training modalities for enhancing dynamic athletic performance.
  • To determine the optimal training load for maximizing mechanical power output.
  • To evaluate the impact of different training methods on sprint, jump, and strength tests.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-four trained subjects were divided into four groups: traditional weight training, plyometric training, explosive weight training (at max power load), and a control group.

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  • Training interventions lasted 10 weeks.
  • Performance was assessed using 30-m sprint, vertical jumps, cycle ergometry, isokinetic leg extension, and isometric strength tests at baseline, 5 weeks, and 10 weeks.

    • Main Results:

    • The group training with the load maximizing mechanical power demonstrated the most significant improvements across most dynamic athletic performance tests.
    • This group achieved statistically superior results compared to traditional weight and plyometric training groups in jumping and isokinetic leg extension tests.
    • All experimental groups showed improvements over the control group, but the explosive weight training group exhibited the greatest overall enhancement.

    Conclusions:

    • Resistance training designed to maximize mechanical power output is highly effective for enhancing dynamic athletic performance.
    • This training modality surpasses traditional weight and plyometric training in improving explosive power and strength-related athletic actions.
    • Optimizing training load for power output is a critical factor in athletic development programs.