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[An imaging and color echo-Doppler study of interventricular defects]
A Cabrera1, J V Velasco, G Idígoras
1Servicio de Cardiología Pediátrica, Hospital Infantil de Cruces, Baracaldo, Vizcaya.
Revista Espanola De Cardiologia
|November 1, 1993
Summary
Color Doppler flow mapping effectively differentiates ventricular septal defect (VSD) types and identifies multiple defects. This echocardiographic technique aids in accurate diagnosis and classification of VSDs in pediatric patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are common congenital heart abnormalities.
- Accurate VSD classification is crucial for appropriate management and surgical planning.
- Two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) and color Doppler flow mapping (CDFM) are standard non-invasive imaging modalities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the utility of 2DE and CDFM in assessing and classifying different types of VSDs.
- To determine the accuracy of CDFM in differentiating VSD morphologies and identifying associated anomalies.
- To assess the role of CDFM in avoiding misclassification of VSDs.
Main Methods:
- A study was conducted on 180 patients diagnosed with VSD (97 males, 83 females; mean age 1.5 ± 1 years).
- Patients with complex cardiopathies were excluded.
- VSDs were classified based on location relative to the tricuspid annulus and semilunar valves into perimembranous, muscular, and subarterial types. CDFM was used to identify flow through the ventricular septum.
Main Results:
- The study identified 76 perimembranous VSDs, 102 muscular VSDs, and 2 subarterial defects.
- Ventricular septal aneurysms were associated with 20% of muscular or perimembranous defects.
- Six patients were initially misclassified, with two subarterial defects misinterpreted as pulmonary valvular stenosis, highlighting the need for specific views (subcostal) to avoid errors.
Conclusions:
- CDFM is highly effective in differentiating various types of VSDs.
- CDFM aids in the identification of multiple ventricular septal defects.
- Accurate echocardiographic assessment using CDFM is essential for correct VSD diagnosis and management.