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Toxic neuropathies and myopathies

R W Kuncl1, E B George

  • 1Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287-7519.

Current Opinion in Neurology
|October 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

This review examines toxic neuropathies and myopathies from medications, occupational exposures, and supplements. It highlights neurotrophic factors for treatment and discusses recognizing rare toxic disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Toxic neuropathies and myopathies pose significant clinical challenges.
  • Emerging concerns include drug-induced toxicities and occupational exposures.
  • Understanding these conditions is crucial for patient safety and effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding toxic neuropathies.
  • To discuss various toxic myopathy syndromes and their underlying mechanisms.
  • To highlight key toxicologic principles illustrated by these disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of toxic neuropathies and myopathies.
  • Analysis of drug-induced toxicities, including antineoplastic, antiretroviral, and cholesterol-lowering agents.

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  • Discussion of occupational exposures and herbal/vitamin preparations.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified toxic neuropathies linked to specific drug classes and occupational exposures.
    • Described various toxic myopathy syndromes, such as zidovudine myopathy and corticosteroid-induced myopathy.
    • Highlighted the phenomenon of "coasting" in toxic neuropathies and the role of neurotrophic factors.

    Conclusions:

    • Toxic neuropathies and myopathies require careful recognition and risk assessment.
    • Understanding temporal relationships and risk factors is essential for diagnosis and management.
    • Neurotrophic factors show promise in combating toxic neuropathies.