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Compulsive buying: descriptive characteristics and psychiatric comorbidity

G A Christenson1, R J Faber, M de Zwaan

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.

The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Compulsive buying is a definable clinical syndrome with significant psychosocial impairment. It shares features with obsessive compulsive disorder and impulse control disorders, affecting predominantly women.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Compulsive buying disorder (CBD) is underrepresented in psychiatric literature.
  • Research is needed to understand the demographics, phenomenology, and comorbidity of CBD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of individuals with compulsive buying disorder.
  • To assess psychiatric comorbidities in compulsive buyers compared to a control group.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 24 individuals with compulsive buying and 24 matched controls.
  • Utilized semistructured interviews and standardized scales for diagnosis and symptom assessment.
  • Assessed for impulse control disorders, depression, anxiety, and compulsiveness.

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Main Results:

  • Compulsive buyers were typically 36-year-old females who developed the disorder in adolescence.
  • Purchases often included clothing and accessories that remained unused.
  • Compulsive buyers exhibited higher rates of anxiety, substance use, and eating disorders, and increased depression, anxiety, and compulsiveness.

Conclusions:

  • Compulsive buying disorder is a distinct clinical syndrome.
  • It leads to significant psychosocial impairment.
  • The disorder exhibits characteristics of both obsessive compulsive disorder and impulse control disorders.