In vitro bond strengths and SEM evaluation of dentin bonding systems to different dentin substrates

In comparison to enamel, bonding to normal dentin is a greater challenge because of its organic constituents, fluid-filed tubules, and variations in intrinsic composition. Bonding to sclerotic dentin is even more difficult. To evaluate the shear bond strengths of four adhesive systems to dentin substrates with different levels of mineralization, 120 extracted human teeth were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 40). After mid-coronal dentin was exposed, groups of specimens were artificially hypermineralized by immersion in a remineralizing solution, demineralized by means of an acetic acid demineralizing solution, or stored in distilled water to model sclerotic, carious, and normal dentin, respectively. Resin composite was bonded to dentin by use of commercial adhesive systems. After the specimens were thermocycled, shear bond strengths were determined in an Instron universal testing machine. Dentin substrates and resin/dentin interfaces were examined by SEM. For each adhesive system, the mean shear bond strength to normal dentin was significantly higher than that to either of the other substrates. Shear bond strengths to hypermineralized dentin were significantly higher than those to demineralized dentin with all adhesives except Prisma Universal Bond 3.