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An electroretinogram protocol for toxicological screening in the canine model

R D Jones1, C J Brenneke, H E Hoss

  • 1Toxicology Department, Miles, Inc., Stilwell, KS 66085-9104.

Toxicology Letters
|February 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

A new painless electroretinogram protocol for dogs can screen for drug or pesticide eye toxicity. This electrophysiologic test helps establish a compound's no-observable-effect-level (NOEL) by corroborating other data.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Ophthalmology
  • Toxicology
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Assessing ocular toxicity of compounds in preclinical studies is crucial.
  • Existing methods may be invasive or lack sensitivity for early detection.
  • A standardized, non-invasive electroretinogram (ERG) protocol in a relevant animal model is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a five-step electroretinogram (ERG) protocol in dogs.
  • To establish a painless screening method for detecting ocular drug or pesticide toxicity.
  • To support the determination of a compound's no-observable-effect-level (NOEL).

Main Methods:

  • A standardized five-step electroretinogram (ERG) protocol was designed for dogs.
  • Key parameters including frequency band width, stimulus intensity, and dark adaptation time were optimized.

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  • A non-confounding anesthesia method was selected to ensure accurate wave component analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • The developed ERG protocol demonstrated acceptable inter-subject variability.
    • The protocol is suitable for creating age-appropriate canine retinal databases.
    • It can effectively detect potential retinal component toxicities in chronic toxicity studies.

    Conclusions:

    • The five-step canine ERG protocol provides a reliable and painless screening tool for ocular toxicity.
    • This electrophysiologic method can corroborate other toxicological data (biochemical, clinical, pathology).
    • The protocol aids in establishing the no-observable-effect-level (NOEL) for various compounds.