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Lipiduria in renal disease
C P Streather1, Z Varghese, J F Moorhead
1Renal Unit, King's College Hospital (Dulwich), London, United Kingdom.
American Journal of Hypertension
|November 1, 1993
Summary
This review examines urinary lipids (lipids in urine), finding high-density lipoprotein in nephrotic syndrome. Tubular re-uptake mechanisms for lipoproteins may contribute to kidney injury.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Biochemistry
- Urology
Background:
- Lipiduria, the presence of lipids in urine, occurs normally in small amounts.
- Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by significant high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and other lipoprotein presence in urine.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review published data on lipiduria in health and disease.
- To explore potential mechanisms of lipoprotein handling by renal tubules.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of published data on lipiduria.
- Analysis of findings from animal and cell-culture models regarding lipoprotein re-uptake.
- Examination of human renal biopsy data stained for apolipoproteins.
Main Results:
- Under normal conditions, urine contains minimal lipids.
- Nephrotic syndrome exhibits substantial urinary high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and other lipoproteins.
- Animal and cell models suggest tubular lipoprotein re-uptake mechanisms.
- Human studies provide indirect evidence for tubular re-uptake via apolipoprotein staining in renal biopsies.
Conclusions:
- Lipoprotein filtration and subsequent tubular re-uptake are potential contributors to renal tubular injury.
- Further research is needed to confirm specific re-uptake mechanisms in humans.