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Systemic blood pressure in glaucoma patients

H J Kaiser1, J Flammer, T Graf

  • 1Universitäts-Augenklinik, Basel, Switzerland.

Graefe'S Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Fur Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie
|December 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Patients with progressive glaucoma, even with controlled intraocular pressure (IOP), and normal-tension glaucoma patients exhibit significantly lower systolic blood pressure. This finding suggests blood pressure monitoring is crucial for glaucoma diagnosis and management.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness.
  • Intraocular pressure (IOP) is a primary risk factor, but progressive damage can occur even with controlled IOP.
  • Normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) presents unique diagnostic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between blood pressure and different glaucoma subtypes.
  • To determine if blood pressure variations correlate with glaucoma progression despite controlled IOP or in normal-tension glaucoma.

Main Methods:

  • 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was conducted.
  • Patient groups included controls, open-angle glaucoma with decompensated IOP, open-angle glaucoma with progressive damage despite controlled IOP, and normal-tension glaucoma.

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  • Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were analyzed during day and night periods.

    • Main Results:

    • Control subjects showed a physiological nocturnal blood pressure drop.
    • Patients with uncontrolled IOP had blood pressure similar to controls.
    • Open-angle glaucoma with progression and normal-tension glaucoma patients demonstrated significantly lower daytime and nighttime systolic blood pressure compared to controls.

    Conclusions:

    • Lower systolic blood pressure, particularly during day and night, is a significant finding in progressive open-angle glaucoma and normal-tension glaucoma.
    • Blood pressure should be considered a critical factor in the diagnostic and management strategies for glaucoma.
    • Further research into the role of systemic blood pressure in glaucoma pathogenesis is warranted.