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Related Experiment Videos

Delayed recall on the Wechsler Memory Scale-revised: the factor structure revisited

R W Elwood1

  • 1Psychology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Tomah, WI 54660.

Journal of Clinical Psychology
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

This study investigated if using "percent retained" scores on the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R) could reveal a distinct delayed recall factor. Results indicate that a single general memory factor, not a specific delayed recall factor, best explains memory performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • The Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R) is widely used for memory assessment.
  • Previous factor analyses of the WMS-R have not identified a distinct delayed recall factor.
  • The utility of delayed recall scores in memory assessment remains a topic of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that using percent retained (saving) scores on the WMS-R would reveal a separate delayed recall factor.
  • To re-evaluate the factor structure of the WMS-R using alternative scoring methods.

Main Methods:

  • Principal component analyses were performed on age-corrected WMS-R immediate and saving scores.
  • A mixed clinical sample was utilized for the analysis.
  • Scree and MAP tests were employed to determine the number of factors.

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Main Results:

  • The analyses failed to identify the hypothesized "save" factor for delayed recall.
  • Both scree and MAP tests suggested a single general memory factor.
  • This general memory factor explained 42.2% of the total variance in memory scores.

Conclusions:

  • The findings do not support the hypothesis that percent retained scores isolate a distinct delayed recall factor on the WMS-R.
  • A single general memory factor appears to underlie performance on the WMS-R, encompassing both immediate and delayed recall.
  • Clinical implications regarding the interpretation of WMS-R delayed recall scores are discussed.