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Validity and reliability of reported dietary intake data

P M Howat1, R Mohan, C Champagne

  • 1School of Human Ecology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge.

Journal of the American Dietetic Association
|February 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Training improves dietary portion estimates, but neither method fully validated total energy expenditure (TEE) measurements. Visual aids like food photographs enhance accuracy more than traditional food models alone.

Area of Science:

  • Nutrition science
  • Dietary assessment methods
  • Energy metabolism

Background:

  • Accurate dietary intake assessment is crucial for understanding energy balance and health outcomes.
  • Existing dietary instruments and training methods vary in their effectiveness for portion size estimation.
  • Total energy expenditure (TEE) measurement provides a physiological benchmark for energy intake validation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the validity and reliability of two training techniques for dietary instruments.
  • To assess the influence of training technique on the accuracy of food portion estimates.
  • To evaluate the accuracy of reported dietary intake against measured TEE.

Main Methods:

  • Adult women were randomized into control (food models) and experimental (food models + photographs) groups.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Dietary intake was assessed using 24-hour recalls and 14-day food records.
  • Total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured using the doubly-labeled water method.

    • Main Results:

    • Dietary intake measurements were reliable but significantly underreported TEE by 21.4%, indicating non-validity.
    • Both training techniques improved food portion estimate accuracy.
    • Food photographs, when combined with food models, showed enhanced accuracy compared to food models alone.

    Conclusions:

    • Training significantly improves the accuracy of food portion estimates in dietary assessments.
    • Dietary instruments can yield reliable intake data, but validity against TEE remains a challenge.
    • Visual aids, particularly life-sized food photographs, are beneficial for enhancing dietary assessment accuracy.