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Cementless hemispheric acetabular components. 2-4-year results

S J Incavo1, F A DiFazio, J G Howe

  • 1McClure Musculoskeletal Research Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington 05405.

The Journal of Arthroplasty
|December 1, 1993
PubMed
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This study evaluated noncemented acetabular components in total hip arthroplasty. While radiolucencies were common, most components showed good clinical outcomes, with few requiring revision, indicating acceptable short-term performance.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Total hip arthroplasty (THA) aims to restore function and alleviate pain.
  • Noncemented acetabular components are widely used, but their long-term stability and potential complications require ongoing evaluation.
  • Radiolucency and component migration are key radiographic indicators of potential failure in THA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively analyze the clinical and radiographic outcomes of Harris-Galante and Optifix noncemented acetabular components in THA.
  • To identify potential radiographic predictors of cup migration and radiolucent line formation.
  • To assess the short-term performance and complication rates of these acetabular components.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 99 patients (106 hips) undergoing THA with Harris-Galante or Optifix acetabular components.

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  • Minimum follow-up of 24 months (range, 24-52 months).
  • Radiographic evaluation for vertical/horizontal migration and radiolucencies; analysis of factors like patient age, sex, cup inclination, coverage, and screw use.

    • Main Results:

    • Radiolucent lines were present in 60% of Harris-Galante and 45% of Optifix cups.
    • Progressive radiolucencies occurred in 2 Optifix and 3 Harris-Galante components.
    • Two Harris-Galante cups (1.9%) required revision; no Optifix cups migrated or showed instability.

    Conclusions:

    • Both Harris-Galante and Optifix acetabular components demonstrated acceptable short-term clinical performance in total hip arthroplasty.
    • While radiolucencies were observed, significant migration or instability was infrequent.
    • Further long-term studies are needed to definitively identify radiographic predictors of failure.