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Related Experiment Videos

Predicting smoking cessation. Who will quit with and without the nicotine patch

S L Kenford1, M C Fiore, D E Jorenby

  • 1Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison 53706-1532.

JAMA
|February 23, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Smoking cessation success is predicted by abstinence during the critical first two weeks of nicotine patch therapy. Early smoking, even with patches, strongly predicts relapse, highlighting the need for close monitoring and intervention.

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Area of Science:

  • Addiction Medicine
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Smoking cessation remains a significant public health challenge.
  • Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and counseling are established interventions.
  • Predictors of treatment success require further elucidation for personalized interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify predictors of smoking cessation success or failure.
  • To evaluate predictors with and without transdermal nicotine patch treatment.
  • To assess the utility of early smoking behavior as a predictor of long-term cessation.

Main Methods:

  • Two independent randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials were conducted.
  • Participants were daily smokers motivated to quit, using transdermal nicotine patches with different counseling modes.

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  • Smoking status was assessed at the end of treatment and at 6-month follow-up.

    • Main Results:

    • Traditional pretreatment predictors (e.g., Fagerstrom score, cigarettes per day) did not consistently predict cessation success.
    • Any smoking during the second week of nicotine patch treatment was a powerful predictor of failure at 6 months.
    • Conversely, abstinence during the second week predicted successful smoking cessation in both active and placebo groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Smoking status during the initial two weeks of NRT, especially week two, is a strong predictor of smoking cessation outcomes.
    • Early smoking behavior is a critical indicator, even among placebo users.
    • Clinicians should emphasize total abstinence early and monitor patients closely within the first two weeks post-quit.