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09:54
Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models
Published on: December 3, 2019
HIV-associated immune-mediated renal disease
P L Kimmel1, T M Phillips, A Ferreira-Centeno
1Department of Medicine, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington.
Kidney International
|December 1, 1993
Summary
HIV-associated glomerulonephritis involves circulating and in-situ immune complexes containing HIV antigens. Viral presence in renal tissue may drive this kidney disease in infected patients.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Immunology
- Virology
Background:
- Focal glomerulosclerosis is common in HIV patients, but other proliferative glomerulonephritides also occur.
- Investigating the role of HIV and immune complexes in HIV-associated nephropathy is crucial.
Observation:
- Four HIV-infected patients presented with renal insufficiency, proteinuria, and proliferative glomerulonephritis.
- Circulating immune complexes (CICs) and HIV-reactive antibodies were analyzed in patients and renal biopsies.
Findings:
- CICs containing HIV antigens (p24, gp120) were detected in all patients.
- Identical HIV antigen-immune complexes were eluted from renal tissue, with eluted antibodies reacting to HIV antigens.
- HIV antigens were found in glomerular tissue, and HIV gag genome was confirmed via PCR in all biopsies.
Implications:
- Both circulating and in-situ HIV antigen-specific immune complexes are implicated in HIV-associated glomerulonephritis.
- Viral incorporation into renal tissue appears significant in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated renal disease.
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