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Exercise classes in rest homes: effect on physical function

C M O'Hagan, D M Smith, K L Pileggi

    The New Zealand Medical Journal
    |February 9, 1994
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Regular physiotherapy-led exercise classes significantly improved physical function in frail elderly individuals living in institutions. These programs are safe, effective, and enhance daily activity levels.

    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Physical Therapy
    • Geriatric Medicine

    Background:

    • Frail institutionalized elderly individuals often experience declining physical function.
    • Maintaining physical function is crucial for independence and quality of life in older adults.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the impact of structured, physiotherapist-led exercise classes on the physical function of frail institutionalized elderly residents.
    • To assess the safety and enjoyability of such exercise interventions.

    Main Methods:

    • A one-year study involving 34 institutionalized elderly residents participating in supervised exercise classes (1 hour weekly or 10 minutes twice weekly).
    • Physical function was measured using the sit-stand test (time and hand assistance required) at baseline and at 4, 9, and 12 months.

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  • A matched control group received standard rest home activities without physiotherapy input.

    • Main Results:

    • The intervention group demonstrated statistically significant improvements in sit-stand test time compared to the control group (p < 0.05).
    • The sit-stand hand assistance measure was not sensitive enough to detect significant changes.
    • The exercise program was well-tolerated, enjoyable, and resulted in no reported health complications.

    Conclusions:

    • Physiotherapist-designed and supervised regular exercise classes are a safe and effective method to enhance physical functioning in frail, institutionalized elderly individuals.
    • These programs represent a cost-effective utilization of physiotherapists' time for improving geriatric health outcomes.