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Leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions

C W Smith1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.

Seminars in Hematology
|October 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Leukocyte migration involves selectins for initial rolling adhesion and integrins for firm adhesion and transmigration. Neutrophil activation triggers a switch from selectin-dependent rolling to integrin-mediated adhesion and migration across endothelial cells.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Leukocyte migration is crucial for immune responses and studied extensively in vitro.
  • Neutrophil adhesion and migration under flow conditions involve complex molecular interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms governing leukocyte migration, particularly neutrophil adhesion and transmigration.
  • To detail the roles of selectins, integrins, and chemoattractants in leukocyte trafficking.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro studies simulating venous shear rates.
  • Analysis of molecular interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells.
  • Observation of neutrophil behavior including rolling, adhesion, and transmigration.

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Main Results:

  • Selectins (E, P, L) mediate initial neutrophil rolling adhesion under flow.
  • CD18 integrins (CD11a/CD18, CD11b/CD18) and ICAM-1 are critical for firm adhesion and transmigration.
  • Neutrophil activation leads to L-selectin shedding and CD11b/CD18 upregulation, facilitating transmigration.

Conclusions:

  • Leukocyte migration is a dynamic process involving sequential molecular events.
  • Selectin-mediated rolling transitions to integrin-dependent firm adhesion and transmigration upon neutrophil activation.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is key for modulating inflammatory responses.