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High-throughput Flow Cytometry Cell-based Assay to Detect Antibodies to N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor or Dopamine-2 Receptor in Human Serum
Published on: November 23, 2013
[Antibodies to the structural proteins of the measles virus studied in some chronic diseases]
Abstract:
The qualitative and quantitative analysis of antibodies to measles virus (MV) structural proteins (SP) in sera from patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN), chronic active hepatitis (CAH), and liver cirrhosis (LC) was done. The patients were shown to have neutralizing antibody titres (NAT) higher than those in healthy subjects. An analysis of antibodies to SP was carried out by the radioimmunoprecipitation assay. Antibodies were detected to hemagglutinin, nucleoprotein (NP), fusion protein and to matrix protein (M) both in sera from the patients with these chronic diseases, healthy subjects, and patients with active measles. (The two latter groups were selected for comparison). However, some patients with CAH and LC had no antibodies to M protein in spite of very high NAT. The quantitative analysis of MV antibodies to SP was done only for NP because this antibody had the least individual variations. The quantity of anti-NP antibodies was higher in most sera from patients with chronic diseases than in those from healthy subjects, and reached the level of that in patients with active measles. The presence of MV genome in the peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients CAH, CGN, and LC had been shown earlier. So it is assumed that MV persists in lymphoid tissue where the expression of all SP genes is realized.
Insights
Patients with chronic kidney and liver diseases show higher measles virus (MV) antibody levels. This suggests persistent MV infection in lymphoid tissues may contribute to these chronic conditions.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Nephrology
- Hepatology
Background:
- Measles virus (MV) infection is associated with various chronic conditions.
- Previous studies indicated the presence of MV genome in lymphocytes of patients with chronic diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate measles virus (MV) antibody profiles in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN), chronic active hepatitis (CAH), and liver cirrhosis (LC).
- To explore the potential role of persistent MV infection in the pathogenesis of these chronic diseases.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative and quantitative analysis of antibodies to MV structural proteins (SP) using radioimmunoprecipitation assay.
- Measurement of neutralizing antibody titres (NAT) in patient sera and healthy controls.
Main Results:
- Patients with CGN, CAH, and LC exhibited higher MV-neutralizing antibody titres (NAT) compared to healthy subjects.
- Antibodies to MV structural proteins (hemagglutinin, nucleoprotein (NP), fusion protein, matrix protein (M)) were detected in patients and controls.
- Quantitative analysis revealed higher anti-NP antibody levels in most chronic disease patients, comparable to active measles cases.
- Some CAH and LC patients with high NAT lacked antibodies to the M protein.
Conclusions:
- Elevated MV antibody levels in chronic disease patients suggest a link between MV and these conditions.
- The findings support the hypothesis of persistent MV infection in lymphoid tissues, with expression of all SP genes.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the role of persistent MV infection in the pathogenesis of CGN, CAH, and LC.
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