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Intraosseous extravasation complication reports
C M Simmons1, N E Johnson, R M Perkin
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, California.
Insights
Severe complications from intraosseous infusions, including tissue necrosis and compartment syndrome, highlight the risks of extravasation. Careful technique is crucial to prevent these serious adverse events during resuscitation.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine
- Critical Care
- Anesthesiology
Background:
- Intraosseous infusion is a vital emergency resuscitation technique, particularly in pediatric patients.
- Potential complications, though rare, can be severe and limb-threatening.
- Extravasation of infused fluids is a primary concern.
Abstract:
We report two cases of severe complications from intraosseous infusions. One child was a sudden infant death syndrome patient who developed severe tissue necrosis after intraosseous placement. The second child was a near drowning who developed a compartment syndrome requiring fasciotomy. Extravasation is a potentially major complication that resulted in these limb-threatening events. Intraosseous infusion remains an important resuscitation modality, but great care must be taken to avoid these results. Strategies for avoiding extravasation are discussed.