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Adnexal findings in AIDS

A M Mansour1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.

Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
|December 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Ophthalmologic findings are common in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, with some cases presenting as initial symptoms. This review details various adnexal and orbital conditions observed in HIV patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Ocular and periocular manifestations are recognized complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
  • Early identification of these findings can be crucial for managing HIV/AIDS and associated opportunistic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the spectrum of adnexal and orbital findings in a cohort of patients with HIV infection.
  • To highlight the significance of periocular manifestations as potential early indicators of HIV infection.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of adnexal and orbital findings in a large patient population with a history of HIV infection.
  • Documentation and categorization of all observed ophthalmologic conditions.

Main Results:

  • Approximately 6% of the HIV-infected patient series exhibited positive periocular findings.
  • In 1% of cases, periocular findings were the initial clinical manifestation of HIV infection or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
  • Observed orbital conditions included lymphoma, cellulitis, Kaposi's sarcoma, and inflammatory diseases. Adnexal findings encompassed Kaposi's sarcoma, molluscum contagiosum, folliculitis, madarosis, psoriasis, basal cell carcinoma, and chalazion, including a unique case of basal cell carcinoma on the eyelid in an HIV-positive individual.

Conclusions:

  • Periocular findings represent a significant proportion of ophthalmologic manifestations in HIV-infected individuals.
  • The study underscores the importance of ophthalmologic surveillance for early detection and management of HIV and its complications.
  • Future research should anticipate the emergence of additional opportunistic infections and tumors in the periocular region of the immunocompromised population.

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