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Bronchoconstriction occurring during exercise in asthmatic subjects

K C Beck1, K P Offord, P D Scanlon

  • 1Division of Thoracic Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|February 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Exercise-induced asthma can cause significant drops in lung function, including peak expiratory flow (PEF) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). These changes occur rapidly after intense exercise, impacting asthma symptom development.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Physiology
  • Exercise Science
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Asthma symptoms are often triggered by exercise.
  • Physiologic changes during exercise contribute to asthma exacerbations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physiological changes in lung function during and after specific exercise protocols in individuals with asthma.
  • To correlate exercise intensity and duration with changes in expiratory flow rates.

Main Methods:

  • Subjects performed constant-load and interval cycling exercise protocols breathing dry air.
  • Maximal expiratory flow-volume maneuvers (MEFV) were measured pre-, during, and post-exercise.
  • Changes in peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and forced expiratory flow at 50% vital capacity (FEF50) were analyzed.

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Main Results:

  • A maximal incremental exercise test resulted in significant post-exercise decreases in PEF, FEV1, and FEF50 (p < 0.05).
  • Constant-load exercise showed significant reductions in FEV1 and FEF50 after 18 minutes (p < 0.05), with minimal changes in PEF.

Conclusions:

  • Exercise, particularly intense or prolonged activity, induces significant bronchoconstriction in individuals with asthma.
  • The timing and magnitude of lung function decline vary between different exercise protocols, highlighting the importance of exercise type in asthma management.