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Neuroimaging in lissencephalies

G Schuierer1, G Kurlemann, H J von Lengerke

  • 1Institut für Klinische Radiologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany.

Child'S Nervous System : Chns : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

This study proposes an imaging strategy for lissencephaly, recommending ultrasound for newborns, CT for specific cases, and MRI as the superior method for diagnosing complex cortical malformations like Type II lissencephaly.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Lissencephaly encompasses a spectrum of cortical malformations.
  • Accurate imaging is crucial for diagnosis and management.
  • Various imaging modalities have been used, each with limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an optimized imaging strategy for lissencephaly.
  • To delineate the roles of ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  • To correlate imaging choices with patient age and clinical presentation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of published literature on lissencephaly imaging.
  • Analysis of institutional experience with US, CT, and MRI.
  • Development of a tiered imaging approach based on clinical suspicion and patient demographics.

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Main Results:

  • Ultrasound is recommended as the initial imaging modality for newborns and infants with suspected lissencephaly.
  • CT may be useful for Type I lissencephaly with cortical malformations requiring further detail.
  • MRI offers superior grey-white matter contrast and is the preferred method for diagnosing Type II lissencephaly and complex cases.

Conclusions:

  • An age and symptom-based imaging strategy improves diagnostic accuracy for lissencephaly.
  • MRI is the definitive imaging modality for Type II lissencephaly and congenital muscular dystrophies.
  • Radiologists must consider the variability of cortical dysplasia and associated malformations in all cases.