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Prevalence of microalbuminuria in diabetic subjects
Abstract:
Total 193 diabetic patients were investigated to assess the prevalence of microalbuminuria. Urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) on 3 hours urine samples. The prevalence of microalbuminuria (UAER) > 15 micrograms/min was 41%. Microalbuminuria was commonly observed in patients having diabetes for more than 5 years. A significant correlation was found between duration of diabetes and microalbuminuria (p < 0.01). Glycemic control (fasting and postprandial blood sugar) did not show any correlation with UAER, whereas blood urea (r.39, p < 0.01), creatinine (r.26, p < 0.05) and chloride (r.24, p < 0.05) were positively correlated. A significant correlation was found between raised blood pressure and UAER (p < 0.01).
Insights
A significant portion of diabetic patients exhibit microalbuminuria, particularly those with diabetes longer than five years. This condition correlates with elevated blood urea, creatinine, chloride, and blood pressure, but not glycemic control.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
- Clinical Chemistry
Background:
- Microalbuminuria is an early indicator of diabetic nephropathy.
- Assessing its prevalence and associated factors in diabetic populations is crucial for early intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria in diabetic patients.
- To investigate the correlation between microalbuminuria and various clinical parameters including diabetes duration, glycemic control, renal function markers, and blood pressure.
Main Methods:
- Radioimmunoassay (RIA) was used to measure urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) in 3-hour urine samples.
- 193 diabetic patients were assessed for microalbuminuria (defined as UAER > 15 µg/min).
- Statistical analysis was performed to identify correlations between UAER and clinical factors.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of microalbuminuria was found to be 41% among the studied diabetic patients.
- Microalbuminuria was significantly more common in patients with diabetes duration exceeding 5 years (p < 0.01).
- Positive correlations were observed between UAER and blood urea (r=0.39, p < 0.01), creatinine (r=0.26, p < 0.05), and chloride (r=0.24, p < 0.05).
- Elevated blood pressure showed a significant correlation with UAER (p < 0.01).
- No significant correlation was found between glycemic control (fasting and postprandial blood sugar) and UAER.
Conclusions:
- Microalbuminuria is highly prevalent in diabetic patients, especially those with longer disease duration.
- Factors such as duration of diabetes, impaired renal function markers (blood urea, creatinine), electrolyte imbalance (chloride), and hypertension are associated with microalbuminuria.
- Glycemic control does not appear to be a direct correlate of microalbuminuria in this cohort, highlighting the multifactorial nature of diabetic kidney disease progression.