MRI of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis after coxsackie B infection

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare demyelinating condition of the central nervous system, usually developing after a viral infection or vaccination. We report a case of ADEM predominantly affecting the spinal cord in an 8-year old boy evaluated by MRI. The radiographic picture consisted of multiple focal lesions of the spinal cord, a left posterior thalamic lesion and a subcortical right posterior parietal lesion. These lesions regressed several weeks after corticosteroid treatment. The clinical presentation, the laboratory results and the radiological findings suggest the diagnosis of ADEM secondary to viral infection by Coxsackie B.