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Related Experiment Videos

Alcoholism

M J Bohn1

  • 1Outpatient Substance Abuse Treatment Program, W.S. Middleton Veterans Affairs Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin.

The Psychiatric Clinics of North America
|December 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Medications can aid alcoholic patient treatment, with benzodiazepines being key for withdrawal management. Combining these with other drugs and psychosocial support, tailored to the individual, offers the best outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Psychiatry
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Effective pharmacotherapies for alcohol intoxication and coma are currently unavailable.
  • Benzodiazepines are the primary treatment for alcohol withdrawal syndrome and seizure prevention.
  • Adrenergic agents like clonidine and atenolol can expedite withdrawal symptom resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and potential pharmacotherapeutic interventions for alcoholic patients.
  • To explore adjunctive medications for improving psychosocial rehabilitation outcomes.
  • To highlight the importance of patient-treatment matching in pharmacotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing medications for alcohol use disorder.
  • Discussion of drug classes including benzodiazepines, adrenergic agents, alcohol-sensitizing agents, serotonergic drugs, opiate antagonists, and antidepressants.

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  • Emphasis on the role of patient-treatment matching.

    • Main Results:

    • Benzodiazepines are crucial for managing alcohol withdrawal and preventing seizures.
    • Clonidine or atenolol may shorten withdrawal duration and aid outpatient detoxification.
    • Disulfiram, carbimide, fluoxetine, buspirone, naltrexone, and tricyclic antidepressants can augment psychosocial rehabilitation.
    • Patient-treatment matching is essential for optimizing pharmacotherapeutic success.

    Conclusions:

    • While no medication reverses acute intoxication, several agents manage withdrawal and support long-term recovery.
    • A combination of pharmacotherapy and psychosocial interventions, individualized to patient needs, is most effective.
    • Further research into matching patients with specific pharmacotherapies is warranted.