Hepatitis B virus prevalence in two institutions for the mentally handicapped

A comparative study of the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in two institutions for the mentally handicapped was carried out between April and November 1989 and April and August 1991. The institutions were situated within 10 km of each other in north-eastern Johannesburg. One institution had a significantly higher prevalence of virus markers, 68% (139 of 203) compared with 23% (40 of 176), was in poorer condition and had more severely handicapped residents with more aggressive behaviour. However, the most important difference between the two institutions was that residents at the higher-prevalence institution were admitted at a considerably younger age. Younger individuals appear to be more susceptible to infection and are more likely to develop persistent infection, thus contributing to a greater pool of infection in the institution.