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Electronic verification of donor-recipient compatibility: the computer crossmatch
S H Butch1, W J Judd, E A Steiner
1Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor.
Transfusion
|February 1, 1994
Summary
New standard operating procedures (SOPs) enable computer crossmatching for ABO incompatibility, replacing immediate-spin methods. This enhances transfusion safety and efficiency in blood banks.
Area of Science:
- Transfusion Medicine
- Clinical Laboratory Science
- Blood Banking Technology
Background:
- Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) were developed for computer crossmatching to address ABO incompatibility in pretransfusion testing.
- These procedures align with updated Standards for Blood Banks and Transfusion Services from the American Association of Blood Banks (AABB).
Purpose of the Study:
- To implement and validate new SOPs for computer crossmatching, replacing the immediate-spin crossmatch.
- To ensure safe and efficient detection of donor-recipient ABO incompatibility.
Main Methods:
- Developed SOPs utilizing existing software for donor unit and patient sample processing, including bar code entry and automated interpretation of serologic reactions.
- Implemented computer crossmatch protocols with built-in warnings for discrepancies and safeguards against releasing ABO-incompatible components.
- Included procedures for immediate-spin crossmatch during computer downtime and specific protocols for managing patient blood type discrepancies.
Main Results:
- The developed SOPs meet the 15th edition AABB Standards for blood banking.
- Projected annual time savings exceed 100,000 workload recording units, with reduced sample volume and biohazardous material handling.
- Eliminated unwanted reactions from immediate-spin crossmatch and implemented measures to prevent release of incompatible blood components due to incorrect patient blood types.
Conclusions:
- A combination of existing computer systems and well-defined SOPs offers a safe and efficient method for detecting donor-recipient incompatibility.
- Serologic crossmatch can be safely replaced by a validated computer crossmatch system.
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