[Regulation of cytokine production by human T-lymphocytes in allergic immune response]

A network of cytokines regulates the growth and function of the cells of the immune system. T cells possess a dominant role in this network since they are the main source of many cytokines. The production of different cytokines is specifically regulated by means of cell interactions and cytokines and depends largely on the state of differentiation of the T cell. The production of certain cytokines is, therefore, restricted to defined subpopulations of T cells. IL2, IL4, IL5, IL10, IL12 and Interferon gamma (IFN gamma) play a central role in allergic immune response. The production of these cytokines can be restricted to specialized T cells. Two different types of differentiated T cells can be characterised according to the pattern of cytokine production of T cells: IL2 and IFN gamma are typically produced by T helper 1 (Th 1) cells, whereas predominantly T helper 2 (Th 2) cells produce IL4, IL5 and IL10. The selective activation of either Th 1 or Th 2 type cells depends on the antigen and is influenced by cytokines produced partly by antigen-presenting cells and partly by T helper cells. Typically, allergens induce an immune response which is dominated by Th 2 cells. These cells then stimulate the production of IgE by B cells.