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[Growth hormone and the heart]

S Fazio1, D Sabatini, A Cittadini

  • 1Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi Federico II, Napoli.

Cardiologia (Rome, Italy)
|August 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Growth hormone (GH) excess in acromegaly increases heart wall thickness and mass, while GH deficiency impacts diastolic filling. This study used Doppler echocardiography to assess cardiac effects in these conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Growth hormone (GH) plays a crucial role in cardiovascular regulation.
  • Imbalances in GH levels, such as in acromegaly (excess) and GH deficiency, can lead to significant cardiac alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cardiac effects of both excess and deficiency of growth hormone.
  • To compare cardiac parameters in acromegalic and GH-deficient patients with normal subjects using Doppler echocardiography.

Main Methods:

  • Doppler echocardiography was employed as a non-invasive method to assess cardiac function.
  • The study included 20 acromegalic subjects, 11 adult GH-deficient patients, and control groups of 20 and 12 normal individuals.
  • Cardiac parameters were analyzed, including ventricular wall thickness, left ventricular mass index, ejection phase indices, and diastolic filling.

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Main Results:

  • Acromegalic patients exhibited significantly increased right ventricular free wall thickness and augmented left ventricular mass index compared to normal subjects.
  • A subgroup of acromegalic patients with hypertension also showed these cardiac changes.
  • While ejection phase indices were normal, impaired left and right ventricular diastolic filling was observed in GH-related conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Excess GH in acromegaly leads to cardiac hypertrophy, specifically affecting ventricular walls and mass.
  • GH deficiency appears to be associated with impaired ventricular diastolic filling.
  • Doppler echocardiography is effective in detecting these subclinical cardiac abnormalities related to GH imbalances.