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Chromosomal aneuploidy in proliferative breast disease
M A Micale1, D W Visscher, S E Gulino
1Department of Pathology, Harper Hospital, Detroit, MI.
Human Pathology
|January 1, 1994
Summary
Cytogenetic analysis revealed chromosome aneuploidy in proliferative breast disease, suggesting these lesions may be premalignant. Similar chromosomal losses in hyperplastic and malignant breast lesions indicate a potential progression to cancer.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genetics
- Pathology
Background:
- Proliferative breast disease is linked to increased breast cancer risk.
- Biological evidence for premalignant nature of these lesions is limited.
- Cytogenetic aberrations are common in breast cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify cytogenetic aberrations in proliferative breast disease.
- To investigate the relationship between these aberrations and breast cancer.
- To determine if proliferative lesions are biologically premalignant.
Main Methods:
- Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on paraffin-embedded tissue sections.
- Used probes for chromosomes 1, 16, 17, 18, and X.
- Controlled for sectioning artifact by comparing with normal breast tissue.
Main Results:
- Chromosome aneuploidy was detected in both proliferative and malignant breast lesions.
- Aberrations were localized to lesions, with normal chromosomes in adjacent normal tissue.
- Similar losses of chromosomes 16, 17, and 18 were observed in hyperplastic and malignant lesions.
- Gains of chromosome 1 were found in advanced lesions (in situ and invasive carcinoma).
Conclusions:
- Cytogenetic changes in proliferative breast disease suggest a premalignant potential.
- Shared chromosomal aberrations indicate a possible progression pathway from hyperplasia to malignancy.
- Chromosome 1 gain appears to be an later event in breast cancer development.