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Related Experiment Videos

[The risk factors for breast cancer: a case-control study]

L Gandra1, H Barros, A Moreira

  • 1Departamento de Cirurgia do Centro Hospitalar de Gaia (Unidades B e C), Porto.

Acta Medica Portuguesa
|March 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Female breast cancer risk factors were evaluated in a case-control study. Later age at first birth increased risk, while abortion history and oral contraceptive use decreased it, suggesting an intermediate risk population.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Reproductive Health

Background:

  • Female breast cancer is a significant cause of mortality in Western countries.
  • Identified risk factors exhibit varying magnitudes between high and low-risk geographical areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate specific risk factors associated with female breast cancer.
  • To differentiate risk factors between premenopausal and postmenopausal women.

Main Methods:

  • A hospital-based case-control study was conducted.
  • Involved 158 women diagnosed with breast cancer (cases) and 131 controls.
  • Statistical analysis included controlling for multiple variables and calculating odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Main Results:

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  • Increased age at first birth correlated with higher breast cancer risk, especially in women with lower parity.
  • History of abortion (OR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3-0.7) and oral contraceptive use (OR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3-0.9) were associated with significantly decreased risk.
  • Premenopausal cases showed lower risk with parity (OR = 0.1, 95% CI: 0.0-0.7) and higher risk with a positive family history (OR = 4.5, 95% CI: 1.3-16).
  • Postmenopausal cases had a significantly lower rate of abortions (OR = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.1-0.4) compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Risk factors for breast cancer differ between premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
  • Factors such as parity, family history, abortion history, and oral contraceptive use play a role in breast cancer risk.
  • The study population represents an intermediate-risk group for breast cancer.