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Antioxidative activity of high density lipoproteins in vivo
A N Klimov1, V S Gurevich, A A Nikiforova
1Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Insights
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) helps protect plasma lipids from peroxidation. This study shows HDL administration reduced lipid peroxidation markers in rabbits and correlated with lower peroxidation in humans, indicating HDL
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cardiovascular Research
- Oxidative Stress Biology
Background:
- Hypercholesterolemia is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
- Oxidative stress, indicated by lipid peroxidation products like conjugated dienes, plays a role in atherosclerosis.
- High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is known for its role in reverse cholesterol transport and potential antioxidant properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) administration on lipid peroxidation in a hypercholesterolemic model.
- To explore the relationship between HDL cholesterol levels and lipid peroxidation markers in humans, including those with coronary heart disease (CHD).
Main Methods:
- Experimental: Intravenous injection of human HDL3 to hypercholesterolemic rabbits.
- Clinical: Correlation analysis between plasma HDL cholesterol and conjugated dienes in healthy subjects and CHD patients.
- Measurements included plasma cholesterol, HDL levels, and conjugated dienes/trienes.
Main Results:
- A single high-dose HDL3 injection in rabbits significantly increased plasma HDL and reduced lipid peroxidation markers (conjugated dienes and trienes) by 20-30% within 6 hours.
- The reduction in lipid peroxidation markers persisted for 24 hours post-HDL administration in rabbits.
- A weak but statistically significant negative correlation was observed between HDL cholesterol and plasma conjugated dienes in the combined human cohort (r = 0.262, P = 0.006).
Conclusions:
- HDL possesses antioxidative properties and actively participates in protecting plasma lipids from peroxidation.
- HDL may serve as a protective factor against lipid peroxidation, contributing to cardiovascular health.
- These findings support the role of HDL beyond cholesterol transport in mitigating oxidative damage.
Abstract:
The present study consists of experimental and clinical investigations. It was shown that a single intravenous injection of a large dose of human HDL3 (200 mg protein) to rabbits with induced hypercholesterolemia (plasma cholesterol 500-700 mg/dl) was accompanied by a significant elevation of plasma HDL and led to a decrease (P < 0.05) of conjugated dienes and trienes by 20-30% after 6 h. Conjugated dienes remained stable for 24 h after HDL administration. In the clinical investigations a weak but statistically significant negative correlation (r = 0.262; P = 0.006) between HDL cholesterol and the content of conjugated dienes in the plasma of a total group of healthy subjects and patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) was found. The data allowed us to conclude that, in addition to other antioxidative systems, HDL also take part in the protection of plasma lipids from peroxidation.