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Related Experiment Videos

Exposure to heterocyclic amines

K Wakabayashi1, H Ushiyama, M Takahashi

  • 1Carcinogenesis Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.

Environmental Health Perspectives
|March 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Humans are continuously exposed to mutagenic heterocyclic amines (HAs) from cooked foods. Daily intake estimates for PhIP and MeIQx suggest significant exposure to these carcinogens.

Area of Science:

  • Food toxicology
  • Chemical carcinogenesis
  • Human exposure assessment

Background:

  • Mutagenic heterocyclic amines (HAs) are found in cooked foods and protein pyrolysates.
  • Carcinogenicity of several HAs has been established in animal models.
  • PhIP and MeIQx are among the most abundant HAs in the human diet.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify carcinogenic HAs in cooked foods.
  • To assess human exposure to HAs through diet.
  • To compare HA exposure levels with other known carcinogens.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of HAs in various cooked foods using analytical chemistry techniques.
  • Analysis of HAs in urine samples from healthy volunteers and patients on parenteral nutrition.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Estimation of daily human exposure based on food and urine HA levels.

    • Main Results:

    • PhIP and MeIQx were the most prevalent HAs in cooked foods, with levels up to 69.2 ng/g and 6.44 ng/g, respectively.
    • HAs were detected in urine of individuals on a normal diet but not in those on parenteral alimentation.
    • Estimated daily exposures for PhIP and MeIQx were 0.1-13.8 µg and 0.2-2.6 µg per person.

    Conclusions:

    • Humans are continuously exposed to carcinogenic HAs from dietary sources.
    • Dietary intake of HAs represents a significant source of exposure to potential carcinogens.
    • Exposure levels of PhIP and MeIQx are comparable to those of other environmental carcinogens.