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Longitudinal changes in hearing ability among Swedish conscripts

B O Persson1, A Svedberg, C J Göthe

  • 1National Board of Occupational Safety and Health, Stockholm, Sweden.

Scandinavian Audiology
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Hearing loss prevalence decreased in young Swedish men from 1969-1977. Later trends suggest environmental noise exposure, possibly from amplified sounds, may be a growing concern for youth hearing.

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Public Health
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Hearing loss is a significant public health concern.
  • Historical trends in hearing loss among young adults are not fully understood.
  • Early childhood ear disorder treatments may have influenced hearing outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in hearing loss prevalence among young Swedish males.
  • To investigate potential environmental factors contributing to hearing loss in adolescents.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a military database containing approximately 36,000 tone audiograms.
  • Data collected from male Swedish conscripts aged 18-19 between 1969 and 1977.

Main Results:

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  • A successive decrease in the prevalence of hearing loss was observed during the study period (1969-1977).
  • This decline may be linked to improved childhood ear disorder therapies in the preceding decades.
  • Potential upward trends in hearing loss in the 1980s suggest a possible link to environmental noise exposure.

    • Conclusions:

    • Improved early-life medical interventions may have reduced hearing loss in conscripts during the 1970s.
    • A potential shift towards increased hearing loss around 1980 points to new environmental risk factors.
    • Non-occupational exposure to amplified sounds (e.g., headphones, loudspeakers) is a probable cause for this emerging trend.