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Variables related to masseter muscle function: a maximum R2 improvement analysis

M Bakke1, K Stoltze, A Tuxen

  • 1Department of Oral Function and Physiology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research
|June 1, 1993
PubMed
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Muscle thickness and molar contact significantly influence bite force and jaw muscle activity. This study reveals key factors affecting chewing mechanics in healthy women, offering insights beyond simple analysis.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Dental Science
  • Kinesiology

Background:

  • Bite force and jaw muscle activity are crucial for masticatory function.
  • Understanding the interplay between craniofacial morphology, muscle characteristics, and muscle function is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify occlusal, morphologic, and histologic variables that best explain variations in bite force and masseter muscle activity.
  • To explore relationships between facial morphology, tooth contact, masseter muscle properties, and muscle function.

Main Methods:

  • Multiple linear regression analysis with stepwise maximum R2 improvement (forward selection and pair switching).
  • Inclusion of 13 healthy women (21-28 years) with a minimum of 24 teeth and no significant malocclusion.
  • Analysis of variables including tooth contact, facial morphology, masseter muscle thickness, and fiber characteristics.

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Main Results:

  • Significant exploratory models (R2: 0.55-0.85) were developed for bite force and electromyographic amplitude (resting posture, maximal voluntary contraction, unilateral chewing).
  • Muscle thickness and molar contact demonstrated a significant positive effect on forceful muscle contraction.
  • Contraction time during unilateral chewing was also analyzed.

Conclusions:

  • Muscle thickness and molar contact are key predictors of forceful jaw muscle contraction.
  • The developed models provide better insight into the interrelations of factors influencing bite force and muscle activity compared to univariate analysis.