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Temporal analysis in normal and impaired hearing

B C Moore1

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, England.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|June 14, 1993
PubMed
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The ear processes sound through frequency channels, analyzing temporal patterns within and across them. Hearing loss can impair temporal resolution, especially for sounds with fluctuating envelopes, affecting gap detection and order identification.

Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Signal Processing in Hearing

Background:

  • The auditory system acts as a bank of frequency-tuned filters, separating complex sounds into distinct channels.
  • Temporal analysis in hearing involves processing time patterns within individual channels and comparing them across channels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the mechanisms of temporal analysis in the auditory system.
  • To investigate how hearing impairment affects temporal resolution within and across auditory channels.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling the auditory system with filters, nonlinearities, and a sliding temporal integrator.
  • Analyzing performance on tasks like gap detection and temporal order identification.

Main Results:

  • The smallest detectable gap is 2-3 ms for white noise, modeled by filters and integrators.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cochlear hearing loss reduces temporal resolution by limiting bandwidth and sensation level, potentially affecting nonlinear processing.
  • Central hearing loss may also impair temporal resolution through unknown mechanisms.
  • Across-channel temporal acuity is better for discrimination (1-2 ms) than for temporal order identification.

    • Conclusions:

    • Temporal resolution relies on both within-channel and across-channel processing.
    • Hearing impairment, particularly of cochlear origin, significantly degrades temporal resolution, impacting speech intelligibility.
    • Further research is needed to understand the central mechanisms of auditory temporal processing deficits.