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Constipation in elderly patients. Pathogenesis and management

A Wald1

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania.

Drugs & Aging
|May 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Constipation is more common in older adults, with decreased anal sphincter pressure but normal colonic transit time. Effective management requires understanding causes and tailored treatments for elderly patients.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Geriatrics
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Constipation incidence rises with age, especially after 65.
  • Limited data exist on age-related colonic and anorectal function changes.
  • Elderly patients show reduced anal sphincter pressures but unchanged colonic transit time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological changes associated with aging in the colon and anorectum.
  • To outline the multifactorial causes of constipation in the elderly.
  • To discuss the principles of managing chronic constipation in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of age-related changes in colorectal function.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to constipation in elderly populations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Discussion of diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies.

    • Main Results:

    • Elderly individuals exhibit decreased anal sphincter pressures.
    • Colonic transit time remains largely unaffected by age.
    • Constipation in the elderly is often multifactorial, including inactivity, diet, medications, and cognitive/neuromuscular issues.

    Conclusions:

    • Successful management of constipation in the elderly necessitates understanding colorectal physiology and patient-specific complaints.
    • Tailored treatment strategies, including dietary modifications, laxatives, and potentially surgery, are crucial.
    • A comprehensive approach considering the multifactorial nature of constipation is essential for effective patient care.