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Two-dose measles vaccination schedules

S R Rosenthal1, C J Clements

  • 1Health and Child Survival Fellow assigned to the Expanded Programme on Immunization, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Two-dose measles immunization schedules are debated for improving disease control, especially in developing nations. More research is needed to confirm safety and effectiveness before global recommendations can be made.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Public Health
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Measles remains a significant cause of infant mortality globally, particularly in developing countries.
  • Current World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines do not recommend a two-dose measles immunization schedule.
  • Several industrialized nations have adopted two-dose schedules, often combining measles vaccine with mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of two-dose measles immunization schedules as a strategy for enhanced measles control.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and research needs regarding two-dose schedules in developing countries.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and current practices regarding measles immunization schedules.
  • Discussion of the need for further research, including randomized controlled trials.
Keywords:
Age FactorsCase Control StudiesChildClinical ResearchClinical TrialsDelivery Of Health CareDemographic FactorsDeveloped CountriesDeveloping CountriesDiseasesHealthHealth ServicesImmunizationInfantInternational AgenciesLogisticsManagementMathematical ModelMeasles--prevention and controlModels, TheoreticalOrganization And AdministrationOrganizationsPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsPrimary Health CareResearch ActivitiesResearch MethodologyStudiesUnVaccinationViral DiseasesWhoYouth

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Main Results:

  • Industrialized countries utilize two-dose schedules, but their applicability in developing countries is not yet established.
  • Insufficient data exists on the technical and epidemiological aspects of two-dose schedules in diverse settings.
  • Long-term safety data from large-scale studies is required.

Conclusions:

  • Further research, including randomized controlled trials, is essential to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and immunological impact of early two-dose measles vaccination schedules.
  • Existing programs with two-dose schedules should assess disease incidence, cost-effectiveness, and coverage.
  • Until further evidence is available, achieving high and timely coverage with a single measles vaccine dose remains the primary global immunization objective.