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Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm: a population-based study

H Bengtsson1, D Bergqvist

  • 1Department of Surgery, Lund University, Malmö General Hospital, Sweden.

Journal of Vascular Surgery
|July 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) occurred at a stable incidence in Malmö, Sweden. Early surgical intervention before rupture is crucial to significantly reduce mortality from this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are a significant cause of mortality.
  • Rupture of AAAs carries a high risk of death.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the incidence and outcomes of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) in a defined urban population.
  • To assess trends in AAA rupture over a 16-year period.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective epidemiologic analysis of ruptured AAA cases in Malmö, Sweden (1971-1986).
  • Inclusion of all identified ruptured AAA reports within a population of 230,000.
  • High autopsy rate (85%) ensured data validity.

Main Results:

  • Incidence of ruptured AAA was 5.6/100,000 person-years, with higher rates in men (8.4/100,000) than women (3.0/100,000).

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  • Age-specific incidence peaked in elderly men (81-90 years) and oldest women (>90 years).
  • Surgical intervention rates increased in men, and surgical mortality decreased significantly (86% to 43%), but overall mortality remained high at 88%.

    • Conclusions:

    • The incidence of AAA rupture in Malmö was comparable to other Scandinavian studies but lower than UK studies.
    • No increase in standardized rupture incidence was observed.
    • Pre-rupture surgical intervention is essential for substantially decreasing overall mortality from ruptured AAA.