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Submaxillary secretion in rats treated with guanethidine

S Eccher, C Dodson, D O Quissell

    European Journal of Pharmacology
    |January 21, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Chronic guanethidine administration in rats reduced submaxillary saliva secretion and altered electrolyte and protein concentrations. This suggests impaired protein release and potassium transport, likely due to neurotransmitter depletion.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Physiology
    • Salivary Gland Biology

    Background:

    • Guanethidine is a sympatholytic drug affecting neurotransmitter release.
    • Submaxillary glands are crucial for saliva production and composition.
    • Understanding drug effects on salivary function is important for therapeutic outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of chronic guanethidine administration on rat submaxillary gland function.
    • To compare salivary composition and gland homogenates in treated and control rats.
    • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying altered salivary secretion post-guanethidine treatment.

    Main Methods:

    • Rats received daily guanethidine doses for 14 days.
    • Salivary secretion was stimulated using pilocarpine or carbamylcholine.

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  • Saliva and whole gland homogenates were analyzed for volume, electrolyte (Na+, K+, Ca2+), and protein content.
  • Glandular water content was also assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • Guanethidine treatment significantly reduced salivary volume (44% with pilocarpine, 25% with carbamylcholine).
    • Elevated salivary K+, Ca2+, and protein concentrations were observed post-stimulation.
    • Resting glands showed increased Na+ and protein content, but electrolyte changes upon stimulation were similar between groups.
    • Glandular water content remained unchanged.

    Conclusions:

    • Chronic guanethidine administration leads to reduced salivary secretion in rat submaxillary glands, not supersensitivity.
    • The drug impairs protein release and transductal K+ transport, likely due to sympathetic neurotransmitter depletion.
    • Guanethidine does not disrupt the fundamental electrolyte shifts during salivary gland stimulation.