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Evaluating treatment efficacy by triangulation

M Kay1, J Guernsey de Zapien, C A Wilson

  • 1College of Nursing, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721.

Social Science & Medicine (1982)
|June 1, 1993
PubMed
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Mexican American widows in support groups showed significant improvements in mental health and adjustment. These findings highlight the efficacy of group support for bereavement and role transition.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Sociology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Widowhood presents significant adjustment challenges for Mexican American women.
  • Support groups are a potential intervention to mitigate negative impacts of bereavement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of support groups for Mexican American widows.
  • To assess the impact of support groups on psychological well-being and adjustment to widowhood.

Main Methods:

  • Triangulation of data from multiple perspectives: standardized instruments, outsider assessments, and self-evaluations.
  • Longitudinal study measuring changes over one year (Time 1 to Time 5).
  • Utilized Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), CES-D, Anxiety State, Life Satisfaction, and symptom scales.

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Main Results:

  • All widows showed score decreases, but support group participants exhibited significantly greater improvements.
  • Outsiders rated support group widows as having better adjustment to widowhood compared to control groups.
  • Support group widows reported more positive self-perceived changes than control widows.

Conclusions:

  • Support groups are effective in improving psychological well-being for Mexican American widows.
  • Intervention enhances adjustment to the widow role and overall life satisfaction.
  • Group support offers a valuable resource for bereaved Mexican American women.