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Related Experiment Videos

Visual attention and objects: evidence for hierarchical coding of location

G C Baylis1, J Driver

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|June 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Judging object location is harder with two objects than one, even if displays look the same. This suggests a hierarchical system for how we process visual information and object positions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Visual Perception
  • Attention Studies

Background:

  • Understanding how the human brain processes visual information is crucial for cognitive science.
  • Previous research suggests attention plays a role in object perception and spatial awareness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of object segmentation on spatial location judgments.
  • To test object-based attention theories and hierarchical position coding schemes.

Main Methods:

  • Five experiments were conducted using visual displays with identical physical properties.
  • Participants judged the relative location of contours under conditions perceived as one or two objects.
  • Further experiments manipulated object and part location judgments.

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Main Results:

  • A significant "two-object cost" was found, making relative location judgments more difficult for two objects versus one.
  • This cost persisted even when perceptual set, not physical display, determined object count.
  • Object location judgments interfered with part location judgments, but not vice versa, supporting a hierarchical model.

Conclusions:

  • Visual perception employs an object-based attentional mechanism.
  • Position coding is hierarchical, with parts located relative to parent objects.
  • This hierarchy influences spatial judgment tasks, demonstrating a top-down processing effect.